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The discount rate used for project selection varies widely between developed and developing countries, and international institutions from 3% to 15%. The environmental, social and environmental benefits of transformative infrastructure projects are often not comprehensively captured.

carbon emissions in the 44 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Group of Twenty (G20) countries were priced at EUR 30 per tonne of carbon dioxide (CO2), the minimum price level to start triggering meaningful abatement efforts. An increase in effective carbon rates by EUR 10 per tonne CO2 is estimated to reduce emissions by 7.3% on average over time.

This map summarizes information on the connectivity of 67 important South Asian cities concerning infrastructure networks.

Public investment in infrastructure is more effective in increasing economic output than other types of public spending

Investment in public transit infrastructure can contribute to creating more inclusive societies. Public transit services are more often used by lower-income households, women and ethnic minorities.

Regulatory capital frameworks require banks and insurers to put aside more capital for infrastructure investments than is warranted by their historical credit performance

Infrastructure equities have an attractive risk-return profile providing a competitive alternative to other investment options.

Merchant infrastructure, larger investors and the transport sector have experienced larger declines in returns due to COVID-19.

Social infrastructure is the best performing segment among all country income groupings, according to new data from Moody’s that provides insights into the debt performance for infrastructure industry sector. Social infrastructure includes healthcare, education and public (community housing, prisons) facilities. The data also reveals transport and energy infrastructure perform differently in relative terms for depending on country income grouping.

The highest recoveries on infrastructure debt default occurs in Africa, the Middle East and Eastern Europe, according to new data from Moody’s shows which regions of the world have the highest and lowest default rates on infrastructure and other project finance debt investments.  Ultimate recovery refers to a loan default for which recoveries have been realized following emergence from default. Emergence from default occurs when overdue interest is repaid or with liquidation or restructuring with no subsequent default or lender being taken out of the deal after repaying the defaulted loan.

The IMF has compiled a suite of analysis, research, diagnostic tools, country reports, data sets, and other resources on the importance of public investment as a catalyst for economic growth.

The goal of this paper is to estimate the additional annual spending required for meaningful progress on the SDGs in these areas. Our estimates refer to additional spending in 2030, relative to a baseline of current spending to GDP in these sectors.

This report reviews the way we build our cities and how this directly impacts the safety of future generations within the context of Japan.

Public Investment Management Assessment (PIMA) is a comprehensive assessment framework developed by the IMF to help countries strengthen public investment management practices.