Risk allocation is at the centre of every PPP transaction, and a deep understanding of the risk allocation arrangements is a precondition to the drafting of every PPP agreement. Search below for guidance on typical risk allocation arrangements between public and private sectors in PPP transactions.

As part of its leading practices mandate, the GI Hub developed a set of annotated risk allocation matrices for PPP transactions, across the transport, energy and water and waste sectors. The PPP Risk Allocation Tool should be used to provide additional guidance to countries that wish to develop a programme of bankable PPP transactions.

The reference tool will be a useful aid for policy-makers and practitioners in their quest to improve project preparation practices and their capacity for preparing quality infrastructure projects, building upon the G20 Principles for the Infrastructure Project Preparation Phase.

The tool seeks to help address challenges faced by governments in early-stage project preparation through providing guidance and lessons learned in the enabling environment for project preparation; financing project preparation; infrastructure planning and project prioritisation; project feasibility, reviews and approvals; and project communication.

This reference tool is intended to provide guidance on early-stage activities within the infrastructure project development cycle, and the enablers required to create a conducive environment to prepare sustainable, bankable and procurement-ready infrastructure projects.

Illustrated by country examples, it reinforces conceptual aspects and approaches covering the formulation of infrastructure plans, project pipeline creation, feasibility evaluation, project reviews and approvals, project marketing and stakeholder communication.

This Guidance Note is designed to assist governments interested in establishing, or reforming, a NIB or similar financing facility to target government policies and maximise the impact that infrastructure banks can have in delivering quality infrastructure projects, encouraging private investment and providing value for end users.

The Guidance Note on National Infrastructure Banks and Similar Financing Facilities was created to assist governments interested in establishing, or reforming, a National Infrastructure Bank or a similar financing facility (NIB) to target government policies and maximise the impact that infrastructure banks can have in:

• delivering quality infrastructure projects;
• encouraging private investment; and
• providing value for end users

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Inclusive Infrastructure is infrastructure development that enhances positive outcomes in social inclusivity, and ensures that no individual, community or social group is left behind or prevented from benefiting from improved infrastructure.

The Reference Tool on Inclusive Infrastructure and Social Equity presents a practical evidence-based framework for practitioners to maximise the impact of infrastructure investment on reducing inequality and promoting shared prosperity.

The framework details six Action Areas, or themes, related to infrastructure development, and provides related guidance under each, which are then illustrated by real-life examples, including the eight detailed case studies.